FINANCIAL MARKETS AND MONETARY POLICY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Money related MARKETS AND MONETARY POLICY - Essay Example From that point forward it has been differing throughout the years where the current name ‘official bank rate’ was started in 2006 supplanting the previous ‘Repo Rate’ that existed till 1997. The pace of premium is imposed by the nation’s national bank or the Federal bank on loaning or advances to manage the flexibly of cash in the financial division and generally speaking economy. This is basically led on a quarterly term to direct the expansion rate and fortify the nation’s paces of trade. Any deviation in the bank rates invigorates a wave sway as it influences each division of the economy. For instance, the stock costs in the trade advertise appear to react to the adjustments in the loan fees. A variety in the bank rates affects the clients as it influences the prime paces of premiums for singular advances. The Bank rate is the rate at which the Bank of England provides for the business bank for the additional stores being guarded in authori ty of the Central Bank (Ciro, 2012, p. 122). Customarily, the treasury decides the paces of premiums. In any case, upon the changes that happened in 1992, the approach producers sorted out a few gatherings and minutes were distributed, yet they were not self-sufficient of the state which came about into an observation that political powers were eclipsing what was specified to be financial choices on the money related strategy. In 1997 there was operational responsibility to decide the loan costs which was conceded to the self-governing Bank of England by Gordon Brown-the Chancellor of Exchequer. A few standards were set for the foundation of the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) that was ordered in the Bank of England Act 1998 (OECD, 2009, p. 31). The Act likewise illuminated the responsibility of the MPC: this incorporate; meeting on month to month premise, the participation comprises of the senator, two representative governors, two official chiefs of the bank

Essay on the Gay as a Literary Figure in The Picture of Dorian Gray

The Gay as a Literary Figure in The Picture of Dorian Grayâ â â â â â â Â â This paper will investigate the gay as a scholarly figure dependent on Oscar Wilde's The Picture of Dorian Gray. The point of the article is triple. Right off the bat, to show how the gay is identified with two of the most strong model pictures: those of Dionysos and Apollo. Furthermore, to show that the Wildean gay is significantly scared of life, and that his enthusiasm for structure and stylish extent lays on a rule of avoidance. Thirdly, to fight that the funniness in this novel, and by expansion additionally in Wilde's plays, is a side effect of the creator's interest with an original gay. The Picture of Dorian Gray spins around Dorian's double nature. From one viewpoint, he is the youthful legend whose undertakings the novel records; on the other, he is a painted picture of phenomenal individual magnificence. When Lord Henry reveals to him that his excellent looks won't last, the youngster asks that he be permitted to stay as he is in Basil's representation of him. Dorian needs to make the most of his childhood for ever. His frantic wish is a key to the original variables which... ... inebriation and Apollonian structure; of Dionysian association and Apollonian inaccessibility. He can appreciate the Dionysian joys to which he needs to desert himself, yet at an Apollonian separation. Works Cited Wilde, Oscar. The Picture of Dorian Gray. Ed. Isobel Murray. London: Oxford University Press, 1974. Wilde, Oscar. The Letters of Oscar Wilde. Ed. R. Hart-Davis. London: Hart-Davis, 1962. Jung, C.G. The Collected Works. Ed. Sir Herbert Read and so forth. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1953-1976. Vol. 9.ii; standard. 73. Additionally CW 11.283. Â

And Im leaving, on a . . . cruise ship

And I’m leaving, on a . . . cruise ship Melis just blogged about Senior Ball so I figured that itd be a good time to blog about a nice little semi-formal event that wasnt just for seniors. Also, be warned that another installment of this entry may crop up because JKim was around for this too. Burton-Conner had a dinner cruise tonight where we were wined (21+) and dined (everybody!), danced, and generally enjoyed each others company. Before the buses left for the dock you could see long lines of nicely dressed Burton-Conner residents walking down dorm row, obviously heading somewhere exciting. As you may or may not know, dances are not my scene. One of the stereotypes at MIT is that we are nerds that are totally socially inept and get all flustered, panicked, and uncomfortable at dances. This stereotype is widely disproven by many students at MIT. . . not by me. However, since it was a dorm trip, free, and a bunch of friends were going, I decided that I could suck it up, step out of my comfort zone, go, and god forbid maybe have a good time. We arrived at the dock and waited around for a bit before actually getting onto the ship. This is when Jared 10 and Yuki 11 thought it would be a great idea to swap jackets. While the black jacket with blue shirt looks fine on Jared (although a bit big), Yukis outfit was an assault on my eyes. Red shirt, purple tie, black pants, blue jacket, and blue (different shade!) beanie. Laughs were had, pictures were taken, and eventually they adjusted their wardrobes so as to prevent me from sobbing (look, sitting in a room with my mother while she watches a cocktail of What Not to Wear, E!, Americas Next Top Model, and Entertainment Tonight has taught me to appreciate color pairing and fashion. This is atypical for a guy, I have a skill that many males lack). Soon we were aboard the ship and putt-putt-putted away from the dock. A bunch of us went to the upper deck to enjoy the view, weather, and more photo opportunities. I tried to take a picture of (from left) Cathy 10, Wesley 10, and Mason 10 but Sauza 11 decided to intervene and provide one of the best pictures of the night. Next, for the group shot, the obligatory handing out of cameras happened. Let me explain this to you. If you are going to be in a group shot and want the picture you have to hand your camera to somebody so that they can take the picture. After the shot you walk over and retrieve your camera. This normally works quite well, as evidenced by the group shot photo that is now in my possession. There are only two issues with this picture. The first is that because of the angle you cant see me. I promise Im there. See the guy on the far right? Does his face look a little long? Thats because a sliver of my face appears to be molded into his. Awesome. The second issue is that after the picture was taken my camera disappeared. This makes camera retrieval difficult. I wandered around the upper deck looking for my camera when I finally spotted it. I commenced with the camera retrieval segment of the group shot and flipped on my camera to see how it had turned out. Instead of seeing the wonderful picture you just saw, I saw this: Interesting. Not only had my camera been hijacked but it had also been used to take random pictures. I perused them. I felt a bit like Ashton Kutcher in his new commercial for Axe, except that instead of hot girls running round with my camera taking pictures of other hot girls I ended up with pictures of sailors. : ( Then, the sunset. This was one of the big motivations for coming on the cruise (other than food). The sunset was awesome, especially from the deck of a cruise ship. Finally it was time for some dancing. Thats right I danced. I dont dance. I danced. Rick 09 also danced, as evidenced by . . . He even helped Wesley dance. After mucho dancing, much eating, and mucho view-enjoying our three hour cruise was over and it was time to head back to the dorm. Everybody stripped out of their fancy clothes (replacing them with comfy clothes) and the majority of Conner 2 settled in to enjoy some good ol fashioned Mario Kart Wii. Now, after a thrilling day of homework, cruising, and racing, its time for bed, so I bid you adieu and wish you goodnight.

And Im leaving, on a . . . cruise ship

And I’m leaving, on a . . . cruise ship Melis just blogged about Senior Ball so I figured that itd be a good time to blog about a nice little semi-formal event that wasnt just for seniors. Also, be warned that another installment of this entry may crop up because JKim was around for this too. Burton-Conner had a dinner cruise tonight where we were wined (21+) and dined (everybody!), danced, and generally enjoyed each others company. Before the buses left for the dock you could see long lines of nicely dressed Burton-Conner residents walking down dorm row, obviously heading somewhere exciting. As you may or may not know, dances are not my scene. One of the stereotypes at MIT is that we are nerds that are totally socially inept and get all flustered, panicked, and uncomfortable at dances. This stereotype is widely disproven by many students at MIT. . . not by me. However, since it was a dorm trip, free, and a bunch of friends were going, I decided that I could suck it up, step out of my comfort zone, go, and god forbid maybe have a good time. We arrived at the dock and waited around for a bit before actually getting onto the ship. This is when Jared 10 and Yuki 11 thought it would be a great idea to swap jackets. While the black jacket with blue shirt looks fine on Jared (although a bit big), Yukis outfit was an assault on my eyes. Red shirt, purple tie, black pants, blue jacket, and blue (different shade!) beanie. Laughs were had, pictures were taken, and eventually they adjusted their wardrobes so as to prevent me from sobbing (look, sitting in a room with my mother while she watches a cocktail of What Not to Wear, E!, Americas Next Top Model, and Entertainment Tonight has taught me to appreciate color pairing and fashion. This is atypical for a guy, I have a skill that many males lack). Soon we were aboard the ship and putt-putt-putted away from the dock. A bunch of us went to the upper deck to enjoy the view, weather, and more photo opportunities. I tried to take a picture of (from left) Cathy 10, Wesley 10, and Mason 10 but Sauza 11 decided to intervene and provide one of the best pictures of the night. Next, for the group shot, the obligatory handing out of cameras happened. Let me explain this to you. If you are going to be in a group shot and want the picture you have to hand your camera to somebody so that they can take the picture. After the shot you walk over and retrieve your camera. This normally works quite well, as evidenced by the group shot photo that is now in my possession. There are only two issues with this picture. The first is that because of the angle you cant see me. I promise Im there. See the guy on the far right? Does his face look a little long? Thats because a sliver of my face appears to be molded into his. Awesome. The second issue is that after the picture was taken my camera disappeared. This makes camera retrieval difficult. I wandered around the upper deck looking for my camera when I finally spotted it. I commenced with the camera retrieval segment of the group shot and flipped on my camera to see how it had turned out. Instead of seeing the wonderful picture you just saw, I saw this: Interesting. Not only had my camera been hijacked but it had also been used to take random pictures. I perused them. I felt a bit like Ashton Kutcher in his new commercial for Axe, except that instead of hot girls running round with my camera taking pictures of other hot girls I ended up with pictures of sailors. : ( Then, the sunset. This was one of the big motivations for coming on the cruise (other than food). The sunset was awesome, especially from the deck of a cruise ship. Finally it was time for some dancing. Thats right I danced. I dont dance. I danced. Rick 09 also danced, as evidenced by . . . He even helped Wesley dance. After mucho dancing, much eating, and mucho view-enjoying our three hour cruise was over and it was time to head back to the dorm. Everybody stripped out of their fancy clothes (replacing them with comfy clothes) and the majority of Conner 2 settled in to enjoy some good ol fashioned Mario Kart Wii. Now, after a thrilling day of homework, cruising, and racing, its time for bed, so I bid you adieu and wish you goodnight.

The Problem Of Sex Trafficking - 1622 Words

Part Three: A Solution Analysis to End the Demand In order to decrease the demand for sex trafficking, knowledge of the sources that create it and the factors that perpetuate it is critical. Regardless, if this knowledge is not implemented into interventions that heal the damage sex trafficking creates or, better yet, prevents it from occurring in the first place, it is essentially useless. Opinions on how to stop sex trafficking in general are varied, and suggested solutions on how to stop the demand are no exception. One approach that has been discussed is education and public outreach. One thing that was made apparent throughout the semester in this class was that sex trafficking is a little-understood topic, and interest in it is still gathering. As a result, not only is the current information on sex trafficking insufficient, but the general public understands very little about it. Some people are not even aware it exists. This allows the issue to perpetuate because men purchase services from prostitutes under the assumption th ey are willingly choosing that profession. Hollywood glamorizes prostitution through movies such as Pretty Woman, and while most people understand prostitution is not someone s first career choice, the idea that someone could be forced into doing it usually does not cross the mind of customers. In his class presentation, Detective Miraglia stated that when women shared their stories of forced prostitution with potential customers, about half ofShow MoreRelatedThe Problem Of Sex Trafficking1684 Words   |  7 PagesThe Solution to Human Trafficking is Just As Difficult As the Problem Sex Trafficking is a global phenomenon defined most often as the trade in women and children using force, fraud or coercion to cause a commercial sex act. Prostitution, pornography and sexual performance that is committed in exchange for money, drugs, shelter, food or clothes is defined as a commercial sex act. Sex Trafficking has a firm grip as a multi-million dollar production, recently skyrocketing with the modern era of technologyRead MoreThe Problem Of Child Sex Trafficking1199 Words   |  5 PagesChild Sex Trafficking Have you ever walked into Wal-Mart and taken the time to look at the numerous pictures of missing youth that is plastered on the wall? When looking at how long they have been missing, it ranges anywhere from months to years. Looking at their age, both boys and girls, it is hard not to wonder if these kids are being trafficked. Child sex trafficking, also known as human trafficking, is a major issue that is not only plaguing the United States, but the world. ResidingRead MoreThe Problem Of Child Sex Trafficking1746 Words   |  7 PagesChild sex trafficking is an international threat to the happiness of children everywhere. Children are our hope. They are the inspiration for a lot of the humanitarian work in which many people around the world are involved. Threats to the well-being of children are numerous. In addition to many living in less than stable familial environments, children today are continually forced to face the effects of a conflict filled society, regardless of their country of origin. Creating an environment thatRead MoreSex Trafficking Is A Serious Problem1334 Words   |  6 Pagesdark, sex trafficking is a serious problem within our district that often goes unnoticed and ignored. Lurking underneath the mask of common businesses or seemingly normal neighbors, sex trafficking is prevalent not only throughout the world, but in our very own communities. Just months ago in May, Galveston County residents were shocked to hear that four Galveston men were charged with federal charges for their alleged involvement for conspiring to recruit, entice, and harbor minors for sex traffickingRead MoreSex Trafficking Is A Major Problem Essay1755 Words   |  8 PagesSex Trafficking Sex trafficking is a major problem in the world today and the only way to truly combat it is by raising awareness through the media. I say the media because it is the most effective tool to reach out to world’s largest audience. Although one person has the ability to change the world, it is not enough to change the process of sex trafficking. If everyone right now was able to view real, in depth information on sex trafficking, the problem would not go unnoticed. However, the thoughtRead MoreHuman Trafficking Problem: The Sex Slave Industry Essay1681 Words   |  7 Pagesspecies, or so we’d like to think. This leads me to reflect on a rarely mentioned subject, the sex trade proving once again that man sees vulnerability as an advantage; an easy opportunity to make money. Statistics published in the Sex Slaves article, indicate a substantial growth of trafficked victims worldwide. As many as 600,000 to 800,000 people are trafficked across international borders each yea r. The sex trade refers to the illegal selling and buying of human beings who are then either sexuallyRead MoreThe Effects Of Sex Industry On South Africa s Human Trafficking Problem883 Words   |  4 Pages Commoditizing sex is not a novel concept, it has been around for much of our history, and yet there is much more talk of the sex industry in modern society than it has been in the past. Part of the reason for this has been the oversexualization of Hollywood and the belief that fame is a commodity. Even fleeting fame is idolized, and people ignore the means of achieving fame at the prospect of earning those alluring so-called â€Å"fifteen minutes of fame†. The film Hot Girls Wanted exemplifies thisRead MorePersuasive Essay On Sex Trafficking1094 Words   |  5 PagesSex trafficking is becoming more and more of a problem as time moves on. Sex trafficking is the recruitment, harbouring, transportation, provision, or obtaining of a person for the purpose of a commercial sex act, in which the commercial sex act is induced by force, fraud, or coercion [Internet Safety 101]. Sex trafficking is increasing due to the evolution of modern day social services and sources. From safety sources, it is the 2nd fastest growing criminal industry [Internet Safety 101]. More andRead MoreProstitution Prevention And Prevention Act1560 Words   |  7 Pageshe perpetuation of human sex trafficking and the rising numbers of trafficked victims is also linked to Thailand’s weak government. The combination of widespread corruption among government officials and the lack of enforcement of laws concerning the Thai sex industry has lead to the prominence of human sex trafficking. The 1996 Prostitution Prevention and Prevention Act was implemented to punish pimps, procurers, brothel owners and customers, however; this law and many others designed to protectRead MoreSex Trafficking : A Modern Day1360 Words   |  6 Pages In current day and age, sex trafficking is referred to as â€Å"modern-day† slavery, where sex is sold through the use of forcible behavior, and the victim is coerced by those running the deals. According to the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000, the term sex trafficking is defined as, â€Å"the recruitment, harboring, transportation, provision, or obtaining of a person for the purposes of a commercial sex act, in which the commercial sex act is induced by force, fraud, or coercion

Random Drug Testing vs Employees Privacy Rights Essay

A. Court Cases Affecting Privacy of Employees and Drug Testing in the Workplace 1. Supreme Court cases affirming drug testing a. Skinner v. Railway Labor Executives Association 109 S.Ct 1402(1989) b. National Treasury Employees Union v. Von Raab, 109 S.Ct. 1384 (1989) 2. Other lower court and State court rulings a. Kraslawsky v. Upper Deck 56 Cal.App.4th 179, 66 Cal Rptr.2d.297(CA 4, 1997) b. Pettus v. DuPont, 49 Cal.App.4th402, 57 Cal.Rptr.2d 46 (1997) 3. Supreme Court cases dealing with Privacy in general a. Griswold v. Connecticut381 U.S. 479, dealing with individual rights to privacy B. How Do You Define Drugs? 1. Just Illegal Drugs on the Street? 2. Alcohol can be abused to? C. What is Reasonable Suspicion?†¦show more content†¦The act provided that programs had to be legal and be communicated to the employee. Discipline was left up to the employers discretion. If the employee was found guilty of criminal sanctions, the employer must administer some type of employment sanctions towards the individual also. Most of the programs were and are focused on rehabilitation and recycling of the employee back into the work environment. Privacy was extremely important with this act. It was important that the employer only used drug testing for pre-employment and not as an on going harassment of the employees if they were not found to be abusers. A number of legal definitions of privacy really have come about due to the 1890 Harvard Law Review article Right to Privacy, written by Samuel Warren and Louis Brandeis. They felt that it is the right of the individual was to be let alone and that the press or anyone else should not infringe upon his/her privacy. I n conjunction with the Law Review, the case of Griswold v. Connecticut (381 U.S. 479) also addressed privacy. Justice Douglas wrote that the individual should be afforded a zone of privacy around their person, which cannot be violated by government intrusion. It is articles and cases like these that have shaped our current legal system and how they look at the individual privacy issue. Many cases have been decided on these decisions and articles. There have been someShow MoreRelatedSocial Justice Society (Sjs), Petitioner, vs. Dangerous Drugs Board and Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (Pdea), Respondents. Facts: in Its Petition for Prohibition Under Rule 65, Petitioner Social Justice Society (Sjs)1441 Words   |  6 PagesEN BAEN BANC [G.R. No. 157870, November 03, 2008] SOCIAL JUSTICE SOCIETY (SJS), PETITIONER, VS. DANGEROUS DRUGS BOARD AND PHILIPPINE DRUG ENFORCEMENT AGENCY (PDEA), RESPONDENTS. Facts: In its Petition for Prohibition under Rule 65, petitioner Social Justice Society (SJS), a registered political party, seeks to prohibit the Dangerous Drugs Board (DDB) and the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA) from enforcing paragraphs (c), (d), (f), and (g) of Sec. 36 of RA 9165 on the ground that they areRead MoreDrug Testing the Less Fortunate 1023 Words   |  4 PagesShould drug testing be a necessity for all state and federal aid programs? Drug testing welfare recipients have been a major issue across the United States for a few years now. Many indicate that if working class people are subject to a test prior to hire or randomly during the duration of employment, why should those that don’t have to work for money not have the same treatment? The government estimated that random annual drug testing for welfare recipients would cost each taxpayer an additionalRead MoreEssay about Search and Seizure in the Public Schools1487 Words   |  6 PagesSearch S eizure in the Public Schools To fully understand the role and related responsibilities of search and seizure in the public schools, the Constitutional rights of the students and case law must be examined. The Fourth Amendment of the Constitution states: The right of the people to be secure in their persons, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmationRead MoreCourse Summary: Human Resource Management: Gaining a Competitive Advantage2306 Words   |  10 PagesResource Management Chapters 1,2,4,5,6,16 Chapter 1: Gaining a Competitive Advantage * Competiveness ability to maintain share in industry (related to effectiveness) * Human Resource Management policies, practices, systems that influence employees’ behaviour, attitude and performance analysing and design of work, planning, recruiting, selection, training, compensation, performance management, employee relations * HRM practices should be strategic * HR has 3 product lines administrativeRead MoreMktg 390 Exam 3 Study Guide6891 Words   |  28 PagesMKTG 390, Exam 3 1. Marketers often mislead consumers by misrepresenting marketing research findings in ads and sales presentations. What are six ways in which they do this? (1). Incomplete or misleading reporting of survey or product testing results; (2).Reporting only the percentage of survey respondents answering in a given way (for example, â€Å"55% of those surveyed said....†) but not the absolute numbers or the sample size; (3). Misleading specification of the competitors tested in reportedRead MorePatton-Fuller Rfp Cmgt5544702 Words   |  19 PagesResponse Time Patton-Fuller Hospital is also concerned that the computer equipment that has been installed, and does not respond the instant a command is given. Once again, a hospital is not the place for inadequate networking equipment. Equipment testing should be conducted prior to installation to ensure the equipment responses as quickly as needed. Network Topology A network topology is a structured design that connects computers, printers, routers to a local area network by twisted pair copperRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pagesin 10/12 ITC Legacy Serif Book by Aptaracorp, Inc. and printed and bound by Courier/Kendallville. The cover was printed by Courier/Kendallville. This book is printed on acid free paper. Copyright  © 2010, 2007, 2005, 2002 John Wiley Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108Read MoreHuman Resources Management150900 Words   |  604 Pagespositively affecting performance in organizations, both large and small. A joint venture between General Electric and a Japanese company, GE Fanuc is a manufacturer of factory automation and control products. Headquartered in Virginia with 1,500 employees, the HR department primarily performed administrative support activities. But when Donald Borwhat, Jr., took over as Senior Vice President of Human Resources, he and his staff began by restructuring and decentralizing the HR entity so that each functionalRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 PagesCompositor: Newgen–India Printer: Courier Corporation/Kendallville  © 2008, 2005 Duxbury, an imprint of Thomson Brooks/Cole, a part of The Thomson Corporation. Thomson, the Star logo, and Brooks/Cole are trademarks used herein under license. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright hereon may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means—graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, Web distribution, information storage and retrievalRead MoreOccupational Stress: Causes and Management11211 Words   |  45 Pagesworkplaces and this has helped to make jobs more fragmented in terms of narrowing duties and tasks thus leaving workers to be more disconnected with the final product. This creates workplace challenges, boredom, and reduces the satisfaction that employees gain from their jobs (Pope et al., 1997). This research project will thus help to add knowledge that is known on the subject as well as to develop strategies to utilize intelligence, decision-making and creativity to red uce occupational stress.

Private Financial Intermediaries and Worlds Central Banks Book Report/Review

Essays on Private Financial Intermediaries and Worlds Central Banks Book Report/Review ï » ¿Private Financial Intermediaries and World's Central Banks Financial intermediaries are charged with the aim of facilitating transfer of risk and also offering solution to the intertemporal cash flow dilemma. Financial intermediaries solve the problem of intertemporal cash flow by matching the client with the surplus and the ones with deficit (CALUNIVERSITY, 2007). Although the financial intermediaries, usually offers advice to their client there is need to solve the problem of moral hazard that arise after does not utilize the funds for the intended invest but venture into a more risky invest. Therefore, the concept of interest in case is risk return trade off of interest in consideration of the most feasible investment. This paper will discuss the concept of risk return trade off paying special consideration to the application of concepts. In this case an individual will measure the risk of investment by calculating the variation in the returns of the investment. In this case the individual uses the standard deviation. The returns of the assets in this case are the expected returns. An individual faced with an asset offering the same returns but asset A has high risk rate than asset B. The individual will choose asset B, if the asset faced the same risks but A had higher return than B, the investor would choose asset B. Investors in the business world usually use the level of risk associated with certain project and the returns of such project in determining the most feasible project to invest in. In investing an investor is certain of a return that the market is offering, this referred to as the risk free return, and in addition to these the project has uncertain future returns. It also asserted that under this concept an individual usually holds risk free asset and the risky asset. In order to arrive at the optimal portfolio an individual select the portfolio that lies along the efficient frontier. Chapter 2: The World’s Central Banks and Regulatory Authorities Every country has a regulatory body to regulate its financial markets, in most countries the body assigned this role is the central bank (public financial institutions). Central bank has many policies and tools which they use to stabilize the economy of the concerned state. In the book finance and private financial intermediaries, the author discusses in deep several central banks and their regulatory roles, of interest in this case is one of the tools used by the central bank, the monetary policy (CALUNIVERSITY, 2007). Monetary policy tools are used so to stabilize economies from macroeconomics phenomenon such as inflation, currency depreciation and under investment. Some of the monetary policy tools that have been utilized by these banks include the open market operation. In this case the government buys and sells security, for example in times of inflation the central bank sell securities to the members of the public so as to mop the excess money in circulation the vice versa happens in times deflation. The second tool is where the central banks raise or lowers reserve requirement this action will be to reduce increase the money in possession of the commercial banks. The central bank can also increase or decrease the lending rate to the commercial banks and this has a positive momentum with the lending rate the commercial banks extend credits to their customers (Walsh, 2003). In conclusion the monetary policy tools are vital as the central banks of most part of the world the tools as measure to stabilize the economy to a sustainable level this can be show cased by way the monetary policy has helped in resolving major financial crisis such as the Asian financial crisis. Works Cited CALUNIVERSITY. (2007). FIN 540 Capital Markets. California: California InterContinental University. Walsh, C. (2003). Monetary theory and policy. Massachusetts: MIT Press.